Apartment EV Charging
In Australia, 2.5M people, or 10.3% of the population, live in Apartments - with this number expected to increase. To achieve agreement to install genuine EV Charging options in Apartment Buildings can be a minefield of miss (and often misguided) information and opinions.
Working in conjunction with ChargeHub, we can simplify the process for you, as well as support your journey with our easy to follow step-by-step guide.
Step 1: Engagement Questionnaire
From all of the Apartment Buildings that we have engaged with over the years, our best recommended EV Charging solution, for your Building, will be greatly guided by your answers to the questions in our Engagement Questionnaire. Your responses of interest will cover:
- Age of Building
- Available Realistic Budget
- Available Visitor Parking Bays
- Building Body Corporate support and approvals
- Carparking Layout
- Current or future plans to install a Solar System
- Known Electrical Capacity constraints
- Long Term vs Short Term Residents
- Number of EV already in the building
- Residents Cooperativeness
- Strata Management Company support and approvals
Click HERE for questionnaire.
Step 2: Responding to the Detractors
With all new technological advances, there will always be skeptics and detractors. To support your initiative, to get as many Residents onboard as possible, here is some supporting material that will assist you to answer some of the 'concerns' that will inevitably be raised:
EV Fire Risk: Electric Vehicles pose a lesser fire risk to a building than a petrol or diesel vehicle. The team at EV Fire Safe are fire fighters that have been gathering evidence and presenting the facts to assist with education on EV fire risk.
Building Compliance: Not that long ago, some Building Certifiers were reticent to sign off buildings containing EV Chargers and vehicles. As there was no real guidance as to what is an acceptable standard related to mitigating and managing the characteristics of an EV fire. That was until 2023 when the Australian Building Codes Board commissioned a reportfrom EV Fire Safe to help guide the National Construction Code (NCC). Which provided the industry with an Advisory Note/Guide for the installation of EV Charging Stations in new Buildings. With good practice being to also follow the Guidelines when retrofitting into existing building as well.
Increased Insurance Premiums: Charge Hub are unaware of any strata insurer who has added exclusions to their policies for electric vehicles. Therefore, from an insurance perspective, there are currently no restrictions/compliance issues to justify raising premiums, or that you will need to raise with body corporates for storing electric vehicles on site or installing charging stations. We simply recommend that your complex follows all regulations, laws and manufacturer’s guidelines concerning charging stations, which Charge Hub will assist you with.
There won't be enough Electrical Capacity for everybody: This may be true, depending on initial uptake. However, there is a lot that we can achieve with the electrical capacity that is available, through EV Charging Software and Dynamic Load Management - such as ramping EV Charging up and down to fit in with the buildings needs, scheduling charging sessions etc. Our solutions could provide your Building with 5 to 10 years of trouble-free charging, before any serious electrical upgrades may be required.
Step 3: Good Practice
The key 'Good Practice' takeaways from the NCC Advisory Note Guideline (that we feel should be considered in all EV Charging installations) are:
- Master Isolation - Providing the ability for the Fire Department to power off all onsite EV Charging Stations, during an emergency callout - either manually from the Fire Panel or activated from the Fire Alarm. Additional good practice is to install a dedicated EV Distribution Electrical Switchboard (EVDB) for every 24 x Car Parking Bays. Which, if managed correctly, will form part of a holistic site solution that can easily be expanded as more and more Residents bring home their new EVs.
- Updated Building Signage - To include the location of EV Charging Stations on site, emergency exits etc.
- Compliance - EV Charging Stations certified in Australia, and installed by licensed Electricians to the AS/NZS 3000 Electrical Wiring Rules, AS61439 and all other applicable standards and rules.
- Smart Charging - Remote connection and support (via Charge Hub software), with proactive regular maintenance and fault intervention.
- Collision Protection - More emphasis on installed position of the EV Charging Stations, with consideration to the use of vehicle impact bollards and wheel stops.
Step 4: The Ideal EV Charging Station
Not all EV Charging Stations are created equal. Some Stations out perform other in certain applications than others, such as in Strata/Apartment. A good majority of currently available Stations should be avoided, for Apartments. Here are the key features required for an EV Charging Station suitable for Apartment applications:
- Australian registered compliance, including EESS and ACMA.
- Requirements to meet Residential Consumer Guarantees.
- Quality manufacturer, with great local after sales support
- Features - OCPP; RFID Reader; Tethered and Socket options; Type 2; Single phase and Three phase options; Ethernet, Wi-Fi and 4G connectivity; Modbus port for localized load management.
Several decisions will determine whether a particular Station is more suited to your application, or alternatively you could consider a mix of various OEM Stations. These decisions include:
- Billing / Payment for Use: There are various options available to you here, including pay-as-you-go via the Charge Hub App, monthly ledger billing by Building Management, Embedded Network billing from a kWh meter read or ledger, or a standalone credit card enabled Station. Each option comes with its own ongoing costs and hassle factor. With the Charge Hub App option being the most commonly preferred.
- Load Management - OEM Load Management systems, such as the Ecostruxure from Schneider, offer great features, with advantages of zero ongoing subscription costs. However, this system will limit your site to EV Stations from only that same manufacturer. Which you may prefer. Or, the alternative is to install the Charge Hub FLEX Dynamic Load Management device, which will work with any OCPP compliant EV Charging Station. Providing you (and your Residents) with the flexibility to chose.
Step 5: Project Funding
Several options may be available to assist your Strata with funding your infrastructure project, if required, including:
- Local Government Grants or Subsides - e.g., see here for the NSW Building Ready Grant
- Green Loans
Once we get to this point, together, we will make you aware of what support may be available, if required.
Step 6: Strata Bylaws
The final section is up to your Body Corporate, to include your chosen Building EV Charging solution into your Bylaws. Thus ensuring that any Resident wanting to install an EV Charging Station any time in the future, knows the agreed and pre authorised approach, and connects to the same Load Management and Billing platform. We can certainly assist here with examples.
Apartment & EV Charing: FAQ's
How do we know if we have enough power or require an upgrade?
- A detailed electrical load analysis needs to be performed to determine the existing and future electrical load, taking into consideration the increased demand from the EV charging stations. This is inevitable anyway as Australia moves away from Gas for cooktops and water heating so most buildings will require some form of upgrade to cater for electric cooktops and hot water units.
- In most cases there is enough capacity in an existing building for EV charging infrastructure, especially at night during off-peak periods.
By using smart chargers we can program each charge point to only use the spare capacity in a building, this is done by monitoring the buildings power supply and managing the chargers with our load management software.
Load managed chargers are much more efficient at charging as they modulate the charge rate depending on real time conditions meaning every car is charged at the maximum rate it can without worry of losing power to the site due to over consumption
What are the power requirements of the chargers?
- Single phase units are 7.4kw/32amp 230V supply
- Three phase units are 22kw/32amp 400V supply
Is a new sub board needed?
Depends on each site, the quantity of chargers required and spare space in
the relevant distribution board – Most buildings will require a new
Distribution board at minimum
Does each bay need a circuit?
Yes, each charger needs its own circuit and circuit protection (CB/RCD).
You can get chargers that have 2x charging outlets or 2x leads on one
charger to number of circuits originating at the distribution board
Are there many different types of plugs?
For the purpose of this FAQ document relating to apartment building charging infrastructure the Type 2 or ‘Mennekes’ plug is the standard plug type in Australia for electric vehicles from 2018 onwards. Type 2 plugs have 7 pins and are compatible with charging from AC chargers. If an EV has a Type 2 plug but needs to charge using a Type 1 charging station (or vice versa) then a Type 2 to Type 1 adaptor can be used however this is only applicable to some vehicles manufactured prior to 2018.
How long does it take to charge an EV?
A standard electric car (70kWh battery) requires 10 hours to fully charge from empty-to-full using a 7kW charging point. Charging an electric car is different to petrol as you constantly top up your charge as opposed to waiting for the battery to be empty Newer EV’s are being fitted with larger batteries that can also be serviced by more powerful ultrarapid EV Charging Stations. Think of an electric car as a mobile phone with a much larger battery, when your return back to the office or home you just plug the car back in. Ideally as batteries get bigger range anxiety will disappear. 95% of electric cars are charged at home or work, Only 5% utilise DC charging stations.
Examples of 0-100% charging time across different charging speeds:
- Charging stations installed for apartments typically have a power rating 7kW (40km/hour) or 22kW (120km /hour). Most installations utilise a 7kW charger due to limitations on the electricity supply
- Electric cars can utilise either 7kW or 22kW charging stations, however they will be limited by their own capability. So you may not get 22kW, check with your cars manufacturer. Tesla Model 3 is max 11kW for example
Wiring specifications of what is required for AC fast charging
The chargers require an individual supply per charger, from 16A up to 32A
depending on installation requirements and power supply availability.
Cabling sizing to suit load (16A – 32A) Generally a 6mm conductor unless cable
lengths are extra-ordinarily long.
Each supply needs to be protected by a RCBO with protected neutral i.e. Neutral is
switched under fault
Wiring regulation is from AS/NZS 3000:2018 Appendix P
National Construction Code Recommendations
Who pays for the infrastructure upgrades and installation?
1. Strata/OC funded
- The OC/body corporate funds the entire installation. This could be a switchboard upgrade, new distribution board/s and cabling
etc as well as installation of each charge point - Each charge point is then managed via a third party OCPP software provider. (Think of OCPP as the charger’s language with
software) Example companies are ChargeHub, ChargeFox or Evie. - Each user then pays for the electricity they use to charge their EV and the OC/body corporate can recover their investment by
adding a surcharge to each KWH used. For example a surcharge could be $0.10 per KWH used, a common size of EV battery is
70KWH so the OC/Body corporate would recover $7.00 for a full recharge. - It is very difficult currently to predict how long it would take to recover the full investment amount as we are still very early in the
uptake of EV’s
- A detailed electrical load analysis needs to be performed to determine the existing and future electrical load, taking into consideration the increased demand from the EV charging stations. This is inevitable anyway as Australia moves away from Gas for cooktops and water heating so most buildings will require some form of upgrade to cater for electric cooktops and hot water units.
- In most cases there is enough capacity in an existing building for EV charging infrastructure, especially at night during off-peak periods.
By using smart chargers we can program each charge point to only use the spare capacity in a building, this is done by monitoring the buildings power supply and managing the chargers with our load management software.
Load managed chargers are much more efficient at charging as they modulate the charge rate depending on real time conditions meaning every car is charged at the maximum rate it can without worry of losing power to the site due to over consumption
2. Cooperatively Funded
- Set up an EV fund that owners contribute additional funds into every week/month/quarter etc. to finance the
infrastructure upgrades required. This could be a switchboard upgrade, new distribution board/s and cabling etc. - Each tenant then pays for their own charge point including installation from the newly installed infrastructure (new
EV distribution board). - Each charge point is then managed via a third party OCPP software provider. (Think of OCPP as the charger’s
language with software) Example companies are ChargeHub, ChargeFox or Evie. - The user then pays for the electricity they use to charge their EV
- A detailed electrical load analysis needs to be performed to determine the existing and future electrical load, taking into consideration the increased demand from the EV charging stations. This is inevitable anyway as Australia moves away from Gas for cooktops and water heating so most buildings will require some form of upgrade to cater for electric cooktops and hot water units.
- In most cases there is enough capacity in an existing building for EV charging infrastructure, especially at night during off-peak periods.
By using smart chargers we can program each charge point to only use the spare capacity in a building, this is done by monitoring the buildings power supply and managing the chargers with our load management software.
Load managed chargers are much more efficient at charging as they modulate the charge rate depending on real time conditions meaning every car is charged at the maximum rate it can without worry of losing power to the site due to over consumption
3. Tenant Funded (not recommended or possible sometimes)
- Each tenant then pays for their own charge point including full installation of any infrastructure upgrades
required - Each charge point is then managed via a third party OCPP software provider. (Think of OCPP as the charger’s
language with software) Example companies are ChargeHub, ChargeFox or Evie. - The user then pays for the electricity they use to charge their EV
- A detailed electrical load analysis needs to be performed to determine the existing and future electrical load, taking into consideration the increased demand from the EV charging stations. This is inevitable anyway as Australia moves away from Gas for cooktops and water heating so most buildings will require some form of upgrade to cater for electric cooktops and hot water units.
- In most cases there is enough capacity in an existing building for EV charging infrastructure, especially at night during off-peak periods.
By using smart chargers we can program each charge point to only use the spare capacity in a building, this is done by monitoring the buildings power supply and managing the chargers with our load management software.
Load managed chargers are much more efficient at charging as they modulate the charge rate depending on real time conditions meaning every car is charged at the maximum rate it can without worry of losing power to the site due to over consumption